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    Bee Propolis

  1. 1/30/02 Bee Products - Healthwell Notes Propolis consists mainly of specific tree resins collected by honeybees. Bees use propolis like putty to seal cracks and openings in the hive, strengthen combs and seal brood cells. Propolis also helps sterilize the hive--the resins protect both trees and bees from infections.11 Most research has been conducted predominantly on poplars, but beech, birch, chestnut and several conifer species have also been studied.12 More than 180 compounds have been identified in propolis, and many are biologically active.11 Flavonoids are abundant, including many that are anti-inflammatory, antiallergenic, antioxidant and/or antimutagenic and antispasmodic.13 Propolis is uniquely rich in properties which have been shown to inhibit cancer growth in animal studies14 and reduce inflammation as effectively as drugs.15 Propolis also contains organic acids and their derivatives. These constituents contribute antibiotic, antifungal and antiviral effects.11,13,16-18 In cultures, propolis inhibits the growth of various viruses and fungi including herpes, influenza, rota, candida and aspergillus.16,19,20 Many bacteria are also affected, including Clostridium spp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. Propolis is active against bacteria isolated from people with upper respiratory infections, including penicillin-resistant strains.21 Propolis promotes pharmaceutical antibiotics, including streptomycin, penicillin, neomycin and tetracycline; the combined products act synergistically.21 Propolis can be taken in conjunction with prescribed medications but not in place of them. Propolis is also a superior ingredient in wound salves and may help heal stomach ulcers. One tablespoon raw honey with propolis three times daily during an ulcer flare-up can be helpful. In addition to being antimicrobial, propolis is anti-inflammatory and detoxifying, and it stimulates new tissue growth.18

  2. 1/30/02 Bee Products - Honey, Propolis BB Post

  3. 1/21/02 Medical Journals Document Value of Bee Propolis, Honey and Royal Jelly 1995

  4. 1/21/02 Propolis Propolis, which is a mixed product with material that bees collect from pollens and tree barks, and a secretion of bees, has been traditionally utilized for years as a natural antibiotic and an anti-inflammatory or analgesic in Eastern European countries. The main production center is Brazil, and the form is a dark brown colored wax. At present, most propolis products in Japan are produced by an alcohol extraction method. The main effective component of propolis is a flavonoid, the effects of which are reported to be as follows

  5. 1/30/02 Anti-genotoxicity of galangin as a cancer chemopreventive agent candidate Mutat Res 2001 May;488(2):135-50 PMID: 11344041 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are present in plants. They have been shown to possess a variety of biological activities at non-toxic concentrations in organisms. Galangin, a member of the flavonol class of flavonoid, is present in high concentrations in medicinal plants (e.g. Alpinia officinarum) and propolis, a natural beehive product. Results from in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that galangin with anti-oxidative and free radical scavenging activities is capable of modulating enzyme activities and suppressing the genotoxicity of chemicals. These activities will be discussed in this review. Based on our review, galangin may be a promising candidate for cancer chemoprevention.

  6. 1/30/02 Pulmonary carcinogenesis induced by ferric nitrilotriacetate in mice and protection from it by Brazilian propolis and artepillin C. Virchows Arch 2001 Mar;438(3):259-70 PMID: 11315623 In contrast, after oral administration of propolis or artepillin C, adenomas did not progress to carcinomas. Instead of developing into large cell cancers, as induced by Fe-NTA in control mice, adenomas showed remarkable proliferation of macrophages and local anti-oxidant activity after treatment with either propolis or artepillin C. Propolis and artepillin C therefore appear to inhibit lipid peroxidation and the development of pulmonary cancers

  7. 1/30/02 Suppression of cell transformation and induction of apoptosis by caffeic acid phenethyl ester. Mol Carcinog 2001 Jun;31(2):83-9 PMID: 11429785 Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), which is derived from the propolis of honeybee hives, has been shown to block tumor promotion and to have toxic effects on several cancer cells. The mechanism of the anti-tumor promotion activity of CAPE is unclear Therefore, CAPE may induce apoptosis through p53-dependent and p53-independent pathways and its anti-tumor promotion activity may have occurred through the induction of apoptosis

  8. 1/30/02 Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits nitric oxide synthase gene expression and enzyme activity Cancer Lett 2002 Jan 10;175(1):53-61 PMID: 11734336 Since nitric oxide (NO) synthesized by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) has been known to be involved in inflammatory and autoimmune-mediated tissue destruction, modulation of NO synthesis or action represents a new approach to the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an active component of honeybee propolis, has been identified to show anti-inflammatory, anti-viral and anti-cancer activities These results suggest that CAPE may exert its anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the iNOS gene expression at the transcriptional level through the suppression of NF-kappaB activation, and by directly inhibiting the catalytic activity of iNOS.

  9. 1/30/02 PM-3, a benzo-gamma-pyran derivative isolated from propolis, inhibits growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res 2001 May-Jun;21(3B):1665-71 PMID: 11497245 Propolis has numerous biologic activities including antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. Several components isolated from propolis have been shown to have anticancer activity The MCF-7 treated cells also displayed a decrease in the level of the estrogen receptor (ER) protein and inhibition of estrogen response element (ERE) promoter activity. Therefore, PM-3 merits further investigation with respect to breast cancer chemoprevention or therapy.

  10. 3/15/02 Antiproliferative activity of the Netherlands propolis and its active principles in cancer cell lines J Ethnopharmacol 2002 Apr;80(1):67-73 PMID: 11891088 The MeOH extract of the Netherlands propolis showed promising antiproliferative activity toward highly liver-metastatic murine colon 26-L5 carcinoma Further, antiproliferative activity-guided purification of the MeOH extract led us to isolate four flavonoids (1-4), seven cinnamic acid derivatives (5-11) and two new glycerol derivatives (12, 13), whose structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis

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