The Chronology of the Kings of Israel and Judah, by Gershon Galil.

1.  Kings of Israel and Judah.

Israel Synchronism Years From (BC) To (BC) Judah Synchronism Years From (BC) To (BC)
Jeroboam 22 931/930 909 Rehoboam 17 931/930 914
Abijah Jeroboam 18 3 914 911
Asa Jeroboam 20 41 911 870
Nadab Asa 2 2 909 908
Baasha Asa 3 24 908 885
Elah Asa 26 2 885 884
Zimri Asa 27 7 days 884
Tibni died Asa 31 4 884 880
Omri Asa 27 12 884 873
Ahab Asa 38 22 873 852
Jehoshaphat Ahab 4 25 870 845
Ahaziah Jehoshaphat 17 2 852 851
Joram Jehoshaphat 18 12 851 842/841 Jehoram Joram 5 8 851 843/842
Joram Jehoram 2 Ahaziah Joram 11/12 1 843/842 842/841
Jehu 28 842/841 815/814 Athaliah 842/841 835
Jehoash Jehu 7 40 842/841 802/801
Jehoahaz Jehoash 23 17 819 804/803
Joash Jehoash 37 16 805 790 Amaziah Joash 2 29 805/804 776/775
Jeroboam Amaziah 15 41 790 750/749
Uzziah Jeroboam 27 52 788/787 736/735
Jotham Pekah 2 16 758/757 742/741
Pekah Uzziah 52 20 750 732/731
Zechariah Uzziah 38 6 months 750/749
Shallum Uzziah 39 1 month 749
Menahem Uzziah 39 10 749 738
Ahaz Pekah 17 16 742/741 726
Pekahiah Uzziah 50 2 738 736
Hoshea Jotham 20 9 732/731 722
Hoshea Ahaz 12 Hezekiah Hoshea 3 29 726 697/696
Manasseh 55 697/696 642/641
Amon 2 642/641 640/639
Josiah 31 640/639 609
Jehoahaz 3 months 609
Jehoiakim 11 609 598
Jehoiachin 3 months 598 597
Zedekiah 11 597 586

2.  Additional Information.

Israel Judah Synchronism 2 Kings 2 Chronicles
Joash Amaziah Amaziah dies 15 years after Joash 14:17 25:25
Hoshea Hezekiah Hezekiah 4 = Hoshea 7 18:9
Hoshea Hezekiah Hezekiah 6 = Hoshea 9 18:10

3.  Synchronisms with Foriegn Kings.

Israel Judah Foreign king Event Reference 1 Reference 2
Rehoboam 5 Shishak Shishak's campaign 1 Kings 14:25 2 Chron. 12:2
Menahem Tiglath-pileser III Menahem pays tribute 2 Kings 15:19-20
Pekah Tiglath-pileser III Israelites are exiled 2 Kings 15:29
Pekah Ahaz Tiglath-pileser III Ahaz requests military aid 2 Kings 16:7-8 2 Chron. 28:16-21
Hoshea Shalmaneser V Hoshea's coronation 2 Kings 17:3-6 2 Kings 18:9-11
Hezekiah 14 Sennacherib Sennacherib's campaign 2 Kings 18:13 Isaiah 36:1
Hezekiah Merodach-baladan Delegates sent to Jerusalem 2 Kings 20:12 Isaiah 39:1
Josiah 31 Necho Josiah dies at Megiddo 2 Kings 23:29 2 Chron. 35:20
Jehoiakim 3 Nebuchadrezzar siege of Jerusalem Daniel 1:1
Jehoiakim 4 Nebuchadrezzar 1 Jeremiah 25:1
Jehoiakim 4 Nebuchadrezzar Battle of Carchemish Jeremiah 46:2
Jehoiachin Nebuchadrezzar 8 Jehoiachin is exiled 2 Kings 24:12 2 Chron. 36:10
Zedekiah 10 Nebuchadrezzar 18 Jer. 32:1
Zedekiah 11 Ab 7 Nebuchadrezzar 19 The temple is destroyed 2 Kings 25:2,8
Jehoiachin Evil-Merodach Jehoiachin is released 2 Kings 25:27 Jeremiah 52:31

4.  Additional Biblical Data.

Israel Judah Event Reference 1 Reference 2
Jeroboam Abijam Jeroboam dies 2 Chron. 13:20
Asa 36 War against Baasha 2 Chron. 15:19,16:1
Joram Jehoshaphat Campaign against Moab 2 Kings 3:4
Joram Ahaziah both are killed in Jehu's revellion 2 Kings 9:24-28 2 Chron. 22:7-9
Athaliah 7 assassinated 2 Kings 11:4-20 2 Chron. 23:1-21
Jeroboam Jotham Census in Transjordan 1 Chron. 5:17
Pekah Jotham Rezin & Pekah attack Judah 2 Kings 15:37
Jehoiakim 4 23 years after Josiah 13 Jeremiah 25:3
Zedekiah 9 Tebeth 10 Jerusalem is besieged 2 Kings 25:1 Jeremiah 39:1,52:4
Zedekiah 11 Tammuz 9 Jerusalem's walls are breached 2 Kings 25:2-4 Jeremiah 39:2,52:6
Zedekiah 11 Ab 7/10 The temple is destroyed 2 Kings 25:8 Jeremiah 52:12

5.  Extra-Biblical Data.

Israel Judah Foreign king Event Reference
Ahab Shalmaneser III 6 battle of Qarqar monolith inscription
Jehu Shalmaneser III 18 Jehu pays tribute black obelisk
Jehoash (Joash) Adad-nirari III Jehoash (Joash) pays tribute Tell al-Rimah inscription
Menahem Tiglath-pileser III Menahem pays tribute Iran stele
Jehoahaz Tiglath-pileser III Jehoahaz pays tribute inscription of T-P
Pekah / Hoshea Tiglath-pileser III Hoshea deposes Pekah inscription of T-P
Shalmaneser V Israel is conquered Bsbylonian chronicle
Sargon II Samaria is conquered Calah prism
Hezekiah Sennacherib campaign against Judah Chicago prism
Manasseh Esarhaddon Manasseh pays tribute Nineveh prism
Manasseh Ashurbanipal Manasseh pays tribute Nineveh prism
Nebuchadrezzar II 7 Adar 2 Jerusalem is conquered

6.  Ages of the Kings of Judah.

Name Date of birth Age at suucessor's birth Age at accession Date of Death Age at Death
Rehoboam 971 41 914 57
Abijah 911
Asa 870
Jehoshaphat 905 22 35 845 60
Jehoram 883 18 32 843/842 40
Ahaziah 865 23 or 22 22 842/841 23
Jehoash 843/842 14 7 802/801 41
Amaziah 829 25 25 776/775 53
Uzziah 804 21 16 736/735 68
Jotham 783 21 25 742/741 41
Ahaz 762 21 25 or 20 726 44
Hezekiah 741 32 15 or 25 697/696 44
Manasseh 709 45 12 642/641 67
Amon 664 16 or 17 22 640/639 24
Josiah 648/647 14 8 609 39
Jehoahaz 632 23
Jehoiakim 634 18 25 598 36
Jehoiachin 616 18 after 562/561 at least 54
Zedekiah 618 21

7.  Absolute Dates.

Date (BC) Israel Judah Assyria/Babylonia Event
853 Ahab Shalmaneser III  6 Battle of Qarqar
841 Jehu Shalmaneser III 18 Jehu pays tribute to Assyria
805-796 Joash Adad-nirari III Joash pays tribute to Assyria
738 Menahem Tiglath-pileser III  8 Menahem pays tribute to Assyria
734 Ahaz (Jehoahaz) Tiglath-pileser III 12 Ahaz (Jehoahaz) tribute to Assyria
732 Hoshea Tiglath-pileser III 14 Hoshea kills Pekah
724 or later Hoshea Shalmaneser V Samaria is besieged
720 or earlier Sargon II 2 Samaria is conquered
701 Sennacherib 4 campaign against Judah
677-676 Manasseh Esarhaddon 4-5 Manasseh provides forced labour
609 (May/June latest) Josiah Nabopolassar 17 dies in Megiddo battle vs. Necho
605 (March/April-July/August) Jehoiakim 4 Nabopolassar 21 battle of Carchemish vs. Necho
597 Adar (Feb./March) 2 Jehoiachin Nebuchadrezzar II 7 Neb. deposes Jehoiachin
597 Jehoiachin Nebuchadrezzar II 8 Neb. exiles Jehoiachin
588/587 Tebeth (Dec./Jan.) 10 Zedekiah 9 Nebuchadrezzar II 17 Neb. besieges Jerusalem
587 Zedekiah10 Nebuchadrezzar II 17 Neb. deports 832 from Jerusalem
587 or 586 Tammuz (June/July) 9 Zedekiah 11 Nebuchadrezzar II 19 Neb. breaches walls of Jerusalem
587 or 586 Ab (July/August) 7-10 Nebuchadrezzar II 19 Neb. destroys temple in Jerusalem
561 Adar (Feb./March) 25-27 Evil-merodach accession Jehoiachin released after 37 years

This page was prepared using Netscape Composer - last updated 29 February 2000.