ear A small stroke which extends out from a bowl (like in g) or a stem (like in r).
EBCDIC An acronym for Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code. A proprietary set of encodings and character sets developed by IBM originally for use on mainframes. It contains some ASCII characters, some composite characters, and commercial/miscellaneous symbol characters.
E-Business See E-Commerce.
:Eclectic A typeface structural style which includes obvious design characteristics encompassing more than one traditional style era. Examples include Lafayette and Perpetua.
ECMA An acronym for European Computer Manufacturers' Association. A trade group which develops and promotes standards for computer hardware and software.
ECMAScript A standard for HTML-based or XML-based scripting. JavaScript is closely based on the ECMAScript model.
ECML An abbreviation for Electronic Commerce Modelling Language. A common modelling language and standard format which builds and describes credit payment transactions and storing the payment information in a digital wallet on a client. Each time a tranaction is made, the payment information can be referenced from the digital wallet, making it unnecessary for the buyer to reenter the information again. The ECML standard is already supported by some retailers, electronic merchants, vendors, and banks. ECML also simplifies the complexities of setting up electronic commerce procedures and software.
E-Commerce The activity of carrying out business activities through the Internet. This could include, but not be limited to, examining product and merchandise descriptions and catakogs, ordering and paying for products or merchandise, banking, filing applications and forms, Email communications relating to business, advertising and promotion, research on subjects, and software distribution.
E-Commerce is being embraced and adopted by businesses, educational institutions, and governments at a very high rate because it reduces the cost of conducting business in many ways.
eCos An acronym for embedded Cygnus operating system. A standalone, free for downloading, open-source, configurable, portable, and royalty-free embedded real time operating system designed to compete with Microsoft WindowsCE. Versions are available for Intel, Matsushita, PowerPC, and Toshiba platforms.
The system comes with everything necessary to develop eCos-based applications, including tools, drivers, documentation and subroutine libraries. ECos runtime source code is distributed under the Cygnus eCos Public License (CEPL), a derivative of the Netscape Public License. It is available for downloading from: http://sourceware.cygnus.com .
edema See stroke edema.
EE An abbreviation for « Eastern European. » With respect to font technology, this usually refers to a character set (such as ISO 8859-3 or Windows CP1250) which support Latin characters required for some of the Eastern European languages. This designation does not apply to Production First Software Language Group character sets, because those support languages based on the actual characters required without any geographic proximity considerations.
egyptian (colloquial)A typeface design having square serifs and strokes close to being uniform in thickness.
8-bit clean Text which can contain any characters represented by the numbers 0 to 255, but only characters in that range.
8-bit dirty Text which contains any 7-bit character, but only specific 8-bit characters.
eight sheet A paper size of 60 inches by 80 inches (1524 mm by 2032 mm).
EIP or Enterprise Information Portal A portal which provides enterprise employees with information relevant to their working lives.
elcography An imaging technology invented in 1971 which paints electrically-conductive ink onto a drum coated with oil. A print head containing an electrode array is passed over the drum. An electric current from each activated electrode coagulates the ink and causes it to stick to the drum. A key feature is that the gray (or color) level can be varied, depending on the electrode current magnitude and timing, so as to produce coagulated dots of varying size and frequency. The current elcography technology developed by Intex Inc. and Toyo Ink Co. limits resolution to 200 dpi and 256 gray levels per color. Conventional offset color printing is limited to about 3200 dpi.
electrography An imaging technology perfected by Xerox Corporation whereby the paper or other non-conducting medium is electrostatically charged geometrically identical to the image to be reproduced, with the image reproduced on paper when dry colored, waxed toner is attracted to the paper and secured by melting the wax. This process, widely used in copiers and laser printers, is capable of up to a resolution of about 2000 dpi as of the year 2000. The main limitation on resolution is due to coated toner particle size and scatter.
Elite The generic name given to typewriter fonts and typewriters producing text at a pitch of 12 characters per inch.
electronic publishing The term given to the preparation of publishing material using exclusively computer hardware and software. This may be achieved by using desktop systems with relatively simple software ( so called desktop publishing) or by using proprietary systems or more complex and precise software on typical microcomputer workstations with standard operating systems.
electronic signature An electronic representation of some authentication of the document originator. This can range from a simple display and inspection of a bitmapped image of a personal signature to more elaborate detection and authenticating procedures. Procedures making use of encryption as opposed to using an actual visual signature or some other non-encrypted means are usually termed digital signatures.
electrostatic printer A printing technology whereby charged toner particles adhere to specially-treated electrically-conductive paper or foil. The technology is currently used for color printing of posters and signage. The advantages of the prints made are arbitrarily high resolution and permanence (an advantage in outdoor usage of the output). The process is also quicker than using other technologies. The disadvantage is the high cost of the output devices and the cost of the toner and medium materials. This technology is expected to be replaced by piezo-head ink jet printers when they become speedier.
em A unit of relative measurement originally derived from the width of the letter M. Fonts are scaled so that 1 em = point size.
em dash By definition, a dash the width of an em.
emoticon (From a contraction of « emotion » and « icon. ») An arrangement of character glyphs used as an icon to display a person's facial emotion (usually rotated 90 degrees).
Examples:
);<) or );-) -delighted-
:<) or :-) -happy-
:<( or :-( -sad-
:<~ or :-~ -jest- or -puzzlement-
:<| or :-| -serious-
:<o or :-O -expressive- or -shouting-
(:<( or (:-( -frown- or -disgusted-
em quad See em space.
em rule See em dash.
em space By definition, a space the width of an em.
em square Originally, this term referred to a 2-dimensional rectangle whose width and height corresponded to the character width and bounding box height of a letter M in a typeface. Over a period of time, this definition has mutated to the point where it can refer to a square whose width and height are both equal to the character width of the M, or to a square whose width is a measure of a standard full-width character, or the widest standard width of a character. The definition is sometimes further muddied to mean a square whose width and height is 1000 units in an unscaled PostScript font and 2048 units in an unscaled TrueType font. The width of the letter M is by no means fixed in commercial fonts, as would be suggested by the degenerate definitions. However, the « em space » of typefaces is most commonly approximately 1000 points (unscaled) in PostScript or 2048 units (unscaled) in TrueType.
embedded bitmap A bitmap representation of a glyph which is built into an application, operating system, or font.
Embedded bitmaps are usually placed in applications or operating systems so that text can be displayed without the necessity of using separate font resources. With respect to fonts, this term most commonly refers to Intellifont or TrueType font formats, where glyphs are represented using resolution-independent scalable outlines or vectors. Hand-tuned embedded bitmaps in specific point sizes are then included within (hence the term « embedded » ) the font resource files so that low resolution on-screen images appear better than they would appear if glyphs are rasterized and automatically hinted directly from font outline data.
This is commonly done for Intellifont format fonts and, sometimes, TrueType format fonts. It is also possible to include embedded bitmap data in PostScript fonts. However, a full PostScript interpreter is needed to render fonts containing embedded bitmaps. The usual alternative to this is to use separate bitmap font resources at specific point sizes, and have a font manager (like Adobe Type Manager) select the bitmap font resource for on-screen viewing.
It is often easy to determine if a font has embedded bitmaps. Simply choose another point size for the font very close to the original point size, but an uncommon value (such as 11 or 13 in place of 12; or 9 or 11 in place of 10). If the letterforms appear to degrade or change their design, then embedded bitmaps are being used. This occurs because embedded bitmaps must be installed for each specific point size (such as 8, 9, 10, 12 points). Because of the space penalty, the point sizes are usually chosen to be sizes which are commonly used (such as 8, 10, 12) as opposed to sizes which are not as common (7, 11, 13) and usually not fractional (like 9.5 or 11.5).
embedding See font embedding.
embedding permission See font embedding permission.
en A unit of relative measurement originally derived from the width of the N. 1 en = .5 em.
encapsulated PostScript graphic See EPS graphic.
encoded text Text which has been generated using a specific encoding. The adjective « encoded » is really superfluous because all text (even ASCII text) is encoded using some encoding scheme.
encoding The process of defining the relationship between the keyboard character set and the character set of the font. Since a keyboard has only a limited number of keys, but a font can have a very large number of characters, this process is crucial.
Both major font formats (PostScript and TrueType) incorporate the concept of encoding in their architectures, but in different manners.
PostScript font resources (all types) require an encoding vector in order to establish the relationship of a character to a glyph image. All PostScript font formats, except CID-keyed font format, have a built-in default encoding. When the font resource is used, it can be externally and non-destructively reëncoded with an arbitrary encoding vector. When a CID-keyed font is to be used, an external encoding vector (the CMAP file) must be linked to it. These encoding actions can be taken by a type manager utility, like ATM, or by a printer driver or some other output driver. However, only in the case of CID-keyed fonts has this capability of font reëncoding been implemented in font interface software.
TrueType font resources must have at least one encoding vector (located in an « encoding table ») included internally, but more than one encoding can be included. However, only recognized standard encoding vectors can be specified. No arbitrary or custom encoding vectors can be used. Encoding vectors are specified as subtables under the 'cmap' table, and they are tabulated by platform ID and encoding ID. When a font resource is called upon by the operating system, the encoding vector used depends on the platform ID and the encoding ID specified through the operating system. There is no mechanism provided in the TrueType font system interface for external non-destructive reëncoding using an externally-supplied encoding vector.
encodings A compendium of standard encodings is shown below. Note that encodings which are highly platform-specific (such as Apple Macintosh, IBM, or NEC encodings) are not included unless they are used cross-platform, because they are not truly standardized encodings.
ASCII - 7-bit basic Latin
ANSI - 8-bit Latin (including ISO 8859-1, some ISO 8859-2 and other characters)
Big5 - 8/16-bit basic Latin, basic Greek, and kanji; commonly used in the Republic of China
CyrPF - 8-bit Extended Cyrillic (Production First Software)
1CyrPF - 8-bit Cyrillic Extended/Old Cyrillic supplement (Production First Software)
EBCDIC - 8-bit Latin, with some Latin extended and box drawing characters (IBM)
EBCDIK - 8-bit uppercase Latin, with some Latin extended and box drawing characters, and katakana (IBM)
EUC packed - 8-bit 1 or 2-byte basic Latin, katakana, and JIS X 212
EUC complete - 16-bit basic Latin, katakana, and JIS X 212
Expert - 8-bit Latin special: ligatures, oldstyle numerals, small caps supplement (Adobe Systems Inc.)
ExpertSubset - 8-bit Latin special: ligatures, oldstyle numerals, subscripts, superscripts supplement (Adobe Systems Inc.)
GB 1988-1980 - P.R.China equivalent to ASCII
GB 2312-1980 - 8/16-bit basic national character set of the P.R.China very similar to JIS X 208
GB 2313-1986 - 8/16-bit basic national character set of the P.R.China very similar to JIS X 208
GBK 18030 - 8/16-bit 1- and 2-byte basic national character set of the P.R.China which includes Unicode
GrkPF - 8-bit Monotonal Greek/Coptic (Production First Software)
1GrkPF - 8-bit Polytonal Greek/Coptic (Production First Software)
2GrkPF - 8-bit Polytonal Greek supplement 1 (Production First Software)
3GrkPF - 8-bit Polytonal Greek supplement 2 (Production First Software)
4GrkPF - 8-bit Polytonal Greek supplement 3 (Production First Software)
5GrkPF - 8-bit Polytonal Greek supplement 4 (Production First Software)
HebPF - 8-bit Extended Hebrew (Production First Software)
IS 13194 - 8-bit Indic (also known as ISCII)
ISOLatin1Encoding - 8-bit ISO 8859-1 (defined in PostScript)
ISO 646 - same as ASCII
ISO 6937 - 8-bit basic Latin, diacritical marks, graphic symbols
ISO 8859 - 7-bit basic Latin with other scripts (basic Arabic, basic Cyrillic, basic Greek, basic Hebrew, extended Latin, basic Thai) in the upper bit
ISO/DIS/8957 - 8-bit Hebrew, similar to Hebrew in ISO 10646
ISO 9036 - 7-bit basic Arabic
ISO/DIS/10585 8-bit Armenian (also known as ARMSCII)
ISO/DIS/10586 8-bit Georgian
ISO 10646 - 32-bit general character set (including ISO 6937, ISO 8859, many other internationally-used character sets, box drawing, graphic symbols, dingbats, text control, presentation forms, ligatures, and unified-Han characters)
ISO 10754 - 8-bit Extended Cyrillic, similar to Cyrillic in ISO 10646
ISO 10822 - 8-bit Extended Arabic, similar to Arabic in ISO 10646
JIS-Roman - Japanese equivalent to ASCII
JIS - 7-bit 1 or 2-byte basic Latin, basic Cyrillic, basic Greek, katakana, hiragana, graphic symbols and box drawing (all half-width), full-width Kanji using shift levels
KS C 5601-1992 - 8/16-bit basic Latin, hangul, hanja; the national character set used in Korea
L1P - 8-bit ANSI with additional Latin (Production First Software)
NSCII - 16-bit Vietnamese, based on ISO/IEC/10646.
RKSJ - 7-bit basic Latin, 7-bit katakana, and Shift-JIS combination
Shift-JIS - 8-bit 1 or 2-byte basic Latin, basic Cyrillic, basic Greek, katakana, hiragana, graphic symbols and box drawing (all half-width), full-width Kanji using shift levels
StandardEncoding - 8-bit basic Latin, diacritical marks, graphic symbols (defined in PostScript)
Symbol - 8-bit basic Greek, graphic symbols (Adobe Systems Inc.)
TIS 620-2529:1990 - 8-bit basic Latin, Lao, Thai
TAB - 8-bit Tamil
TSCII - 8-bit Tamil
Typographic1 - 8-bit Cyrillic, Greek, Latin, diacritical marks, digraphs, graphic symbols, ligatures, oldstyle numerals, tied letters supplement (Production First Software)
Typographic2 - 8-bit extended Latin base letterform glyphs supplement (Production first Software)
Unicode - 16-bit encoding, identical to the first plane of ISO 10646
Ventura International - 8-bit Latin (Ventura Publisher)
VISCII - 8-bit Vietnamese, basic Latin
encoding vector A list of font glyph identifier and font character identifier pairs which serves to define what font glyph is assigned to a certain character identifier. It is accessed by keyboard character location and keyboard driver or through an input method editor.
encryption The process of translating a sequence of recognizable ASCII text characters into an unrecognizable sequence of characters according to a specific formula or algorithm.
Encyclopædia of Typography and Electronic Communication A large and continuously updated compendium of information on alphabets and scripts, calligraphy, digital special effects, electronic communication, font resource technology, graphic arts, graphical special effects, language arts, messaging, printing, typography, typesetting, webcasting, word processing, and writing systems; and developed, researched, and written by Production First Software. It currently is hosted by the Production First Software Web site.
History of Site
The Encyclopædia of Typography and Electronic Communication originated in 1988 in a font software product users' guide. At that time, a sizable portion of typographic work was still done either by using analog photographic techniques (like phototypositors and analog camera anamorphic special effects) or by proprietary typesetting computer systems. However, as the 80's progressed and into the 90's, more and more of this work was done on desktop systems using desktop publishing and electronic publishing software (like FrameMaker, InDesign, PageMaker, Photoshop, Ventura Publisher, Word, and WordPerfect) and Web page authoring software. It therefore became necessary to include information about native computer technology, both hardware and software, and also communication protocalls and software, since all those technologies interfaced together in digital workflow. With the advent of widespread development and adoption of multibyte software technology for internationalization and multilingual communications, the subject area was expanded to cover information relating to different languages and scripts.
en dash A dash the width of an en.
endnote or end note A block of text, related to the body of the text, located at the end of a section or chapter.
end user or end-user The person or entity which uses a hardware or software product after legally acquiring the product.
end user licensing agreement The usage requirements, legally a contract, than an end user agrees to abide by when purchasing a license to use a software product. This includes the stipulated details of what licensed software may be subjected to by the end user licensor. For example, the license agreement may state the manner in which the software may or may not be used when used intact; or whether or not the software may be used to make other software ( « derivative works » ) by disassembly or decryption.
The end user licensing agreement acceptance procedure itself sometimes becomes a sham if the EULA is inside the retail package and can only be inspected by acquiring the product and opening the box.
See also Production First Software End User License Agreement for a specific example. This particular example pertains to on-line purchasing only.
End User subarea A portion of the ISO/IEC10646/Unicode encoding Private Use area starting from [U+E000] and extending to higher code points (but not higher that [U+F8FF]). See also Corporate Use subarea.
engine A general term referring to a piece of modular software which interprets data to produce a concise result.
There are ocr engines (which recognize scanned text and produce a text data file); there are font engines (which extract the data to visually represent a glyph from the font data structure); there are rendering engines (which take the glyph data and actually produce an image of the glyph on film, paper, plate, or video screen); and there are database engines (which find information data based on parameters presented to it).
en quad See en space.
en rule See en dash.
en space A space the width of an en.
English Old Style See Old Style.
Engraved A typeface structural style where short, thin serifs are added to a basically sans serif design. The term was suggested by the chiseling artifacts produced near the end of plain strokes on copper engravings arising from cutting the sharpest possible corners. Another device of somewhat similar purpose is the nick designed into some typefaces. Two sub-categories have been defined:
:Barbed Serif - Having serifs with barbed ends.
:Straight Serif - Having small, pointed serifs. Typeface examples include: Copperplate Gothic, Hess Neobold, Spartan 140, Steelplate Gothic.
(another definition follows)
Engraved A typeface letterform design where shaded portions within a stem or stroke are simulated by close parallel or crosshatched lines. Good examples of this can be seen in printed currency or securities certificates. The following sub-categories have been defined:
:Sans Serif - Without serifs. Typeface examples include Fatima and Jim Crow.
:Serif - Having serifs. Typeface examples include Cheque and Treasury Open.
engrossing The derivative art of transcribing letters or words by employing large, bold letterforms or large, bold handwriting on parchment or paper for a document or sign. Compare with calligraphy and typography.
engrossing hand A bold or shaded rounded handwriting used in engrossing.
envelope shaping or envelope-shaping The process of shaping an image or an arrangement of glyph images by piecewise-continuous distortion of the topologic space. Envelope shaping is commonly designated by specifying the shape of a 4-sided figure which encloses the image, arrangement, or specified glyph space.
.EOT file A Web font format proposed by Microsoft.
EOTAEC An acronym for Encyclopaedia of Typography and Electronic Communication (this document).
EPIC An acronym for Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computer. A new computer microprocessor architecture developed by Intel and Hewlett-Packard (with the Itanium chip being the first product) which uses parallel arithmetic-logic instructions, a scheduler compiler which bundles 3 instructions into a packet, speculation, and predication. Compare with CISC and RISC, which are older and slower technologies.
.EPS or .EPSF An EPS graphic file not having an included preview image.
.EPSI An EPS graphic file having an included preview image.
EPS graphic A graphic or image represented using PostScript language instructions in a file. There may also be some bitmap data present which serves to produce a low resolution computer screen visual ( « preview image » ) on systems that do not have display PostScript (most systems), instead of a blank rectangle. An EPS graphic can also consist of higher resolution bitmap data wrapped in PostScript instructions. Bit-map data used to represent a graphic have essentially fixed image resolution, whereas PostScript instructions used entirely to represent a graphic produce an image resolution limited only by the actual resolution of the output device. Pure PostScript files are also usually much smaller than high resolution bitmap data files.
eroding baseline See baseline erosion.
erosion A reduction in thickness of exactly horizontal or exactly vertical strokes in glyph outlines due to the finite resolution of the output device and, possibly, imperfect hinting.
errant quotes Quotation marks placed around a word or phrase where they are not lexically warranted. This practice was appearing with growing frequency in the late 1990's. Quotes are sometimes placed around a word or phrase to disassociate full responsibility from the use of the word or phrase, as with rhetoric. Another explanation by many writers for use of errant quotes is for emphasis; but this usage is incorrect.
Ethnologue databases A listing of language and country, and a three letter upper case code which designates each language. The database was prepared by the Summer Institute of Linguistics, Inc. As of January 1997, the Twelfth Edition (1992) contains listings for 236 countries and 8571 languages. Another listing of two letter lower case codes for 94 languages is available in ISO 639.
EULA An abbreviation for End User Licensing Agreement.
(another definition follows)
EULA An abbreviation for EUropean LAboratory for Particle Physics.
euro The currency symbol for the universal European currency unit created by the European Commission. The euro will replace national currencies according to the following timetable:
May 1-3, 1998: Participating member countries chosen and exchange rates established between national currency and euro;
June 1, 1998: European Central Bank established;
December 31, 1998: Markets shut down for switchover;
January 1, 1999: Economic Monetary Union begins; final exchange rates established; euro becomes the official legal currency unit; single monetary policy begins;
January 4, 1999: Markets reopen using the euro;
1999-2001: Former national currencies remain legal tender;
January 1, 2002: Introduction of euro notes and coins; switchover of retail business to euro;
January 1-June 30, 2002:Period of dual legal tender (national and euro);
June 30, 2002: National currencies no longer valid; all monetary transactions using the euro.
Production First Software typefaces of version 2.0 or greater incorporated the euro since 1997. In multibyte fonts, the euro is assigned to <20ac>. In 1-byte PostScript fonts, the euro is assigned to <0080> to be consistent with future Microsoft Windows core fonts.
European Laboratory for Particle Physics The new, more politically-acceptable name for the Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire ( « CERN » ). This institute developed the World Wide Web in 1990.
EUS See End User subarea.
even-width Every letterform in a typeface having approximately the same glyph width. See monospaced.
The distinction is that the term « monospaced » refers to character advance width (which includes side bearings), whereas the term « even-width » applies to the glyph width (which excludes side bearings).
even-width proportions or even-width proportioning system A proportioning theory or rule where most letterforms are based on combinations of simple figures (ovals, rectangles, trapezoids, and triangles) in both one-component and two-component arrangements which allow most Uppercase letterforms to appear approximately equal width.
ex A unit of size measurement for fonts equal to the typeface's x-height.
exabyte A unit of data storage equal to 1.024 × 1018 bytes, abbreviated « E » or « EB » or « Ebyte. » 1000 petabytes = 1 exabyte. 1000 exabytes = 1 zettabyte.
exception dictionary A database or data file of words whose syllables are already separated by hyphens. (Example: hy-phen-ate )
The data is accessed by some page layout or word processing programs for the purpose of determining how to hyphenate a word, should it be necessary to hyphenate a word at the end of a text string. A convenient aspect of exception dictionaries is that it is not necessary for software to apply a set of rules for the purpose of hyphenating. Therefore, any language or script text (even if ideographic) or uncommon technical nomenclature can be properly hyphenated.
expanded Refers to a typeface which is a uniformly wider version of another typeface either by design of the font or by manipulation from within an application.
expert sets Base fonts with miscellaneous characters (like alternate characters, ligatures, and old style caps or numerals) usually used as a supplement to ordinary fonts. They are a nuisance to use with most applications because they require a font change just for a single character. Periodically-used characters (like all f-ligatures and some tied letters) should not be in expert sets but rather in the standard base font. Expert sets must usually be purchased separately. These are reasons why Production First Software fonts contain « special characters. »
expert system An artificial intelligence software program which searches for information or makes decisions based on a hierarchical set of rules. These rules comprise the « expert. »
Expresso A new cross-platform flexible-byte composite root font architecture developed by Production First Software to improve typographic representation and flexibility for multilingual fonts. It includes the capability of utilizing existing font resource formats, and provides improved handling of baseline erosion, conjoins, composite characters, descendant font components, encoding, optional single-file resource representation, pair kerning, and variable scaling. Expresso can be envoked and managed through Java, will work with existing applications, and allows use of existing font resource formats. Implementation requires changes only at the type manager and operating system levels.
Expresso is an effort to not only restore some of the advantages of older formats which were discarded, while retaining some of the good added features of the newer formats; but also to enable a unification of the manner in which font resource formats are handled. In addition, Expresso has been blended and formulated to be platform-independent (and, therefore, cross-platform), and Java-compatible. This makes it very hard to swallow for some large developers, because the very idea of building on Java partially neutralizes the necessity of operating system upgrades.
.ext A designation for a filename extension, usually no more than three characters.
extended Refers to a typeface which is a wider version of another typeface, but with vertical stem widths remaining nearly the same.
Extended Cyrillic A Cyrillic character set and encoding which encompasses the Cyrillic characters encoded in ISO/IEC/10646 and Unicode. Compare with Cyrillic Extended.
Extended European Subset A character subset of ISO/IEC/10646 which includes the following blocks: Basic Latin, Latin-1 Supplement, Latin Extended-A, Latin Extended-B, IPA Extensions, Spacing Modifier Letters, Combining Diacritical Marks, Basic Greek, Greek Symbols and Coptic, Cyrillic, Armenian, Basic Georgian, Georgian Extended, Latin Extended Additional, Greek Extended, General Punctuation, Superscripts and Subscripts, Currency Symbols, Combining Diacritical Marks for Symbols, Letterlike Symbols, Number Forms, Arrows, Mathematical Operators, Miscellaneous Technical, Control Pictures, Optical Character Recognition, Enclosed Alphanumerics, Box Drawing, Block Elements, Geometric Shapes, Miscellaneous Symbols, Dingbats, Alphabetic Presentation Forms, Combining Half Marks, and Specials. Production First Software supports this character set in some fonts.
Extended Hebrew A Hebrew character set and encoding which encompasses the Hebrew characters encoded in ISO/IEC/10646 and Unicode. Compare with Hebrew Extended.
extender An ascender or descender.
extension An additional part of a filename affixed to it by a period followed by not more than 3 characters. Example: data.big
extensional specification (ideosyncratic)The formatting specifications or details of a document, including but not limited to: typeface, letter spacing, leading, margins, pointsize, etc. It does not include style preferences and guidelines. See also intentional specification.
extra characters Characters other than included in the ASCII character set.
extranet A computer network localized between a company and its suppliers or clients.
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