Sir John Smiths Almain. Dowland ballet/marsh: Sir John Smith had a military career and was a kinsman of Sir William Smith of Essex who, in 1603, received a grant of the Launde estate formally owned by Lord Ed Cromwell. Sir William Smith married Brigide Fleetwood and was the nephew and heir of Sir Thomas Smith.

Lady Rich Her Galliard. Dowland Marsh: Sister of Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex. Penelope Devereux was married (against her wish) to Lord Rich who, "stood" at the side of Lord Cromwell during the ceremony celebrating the "solemn oath of confederation" between England and France held in the Church of St. Owen in Rouen. Lady Rich later divorced her husband and married Lord Mountjoy, the Earl of Devonshire. After Mountjoy’s untimely death, Cromwell corresponded with the Countess regarding the purchase of the Lecale estate in Ireland. She was also amongst those implicated in her brother’s failed coup.

Fortune my Foe (Orpharion solo) ballet: This piece is found in William Ballet's Lute book at TCD where it is given the title "Dowland’s Fortune my foe to the consort". It also appeared in Barley's instruction for the Lute and Orpharion. Fortune was more often than not the Foe of Lord Edward Cromwell in his later years.

Can She Excuse (orpharion solo ) ballet This famous galliard was later named the "Earl of Essex his Galliard". It appeared in Barleys instruction for Orpharion, and was often known by the opening lines to the song by Dowland with words by Robert Devereux. Cromwell served under Essex in France, the naval expedition to the Azores, and Ireland. He later "casually fell into the Earl of Essex's company" during the failed coup.

Walsingham (orpharion solo) Sir Francis Walsingham was Elizabeth’s secretary with Sir Thomas Smith, and was instrumental in Cromwell’s application to the Prince of Orange for a commission in the Netherlands. His daughter married three times, first to Philip Sydney, then Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex and finally Richard De Borgh, Earl of Clanricarde, who served in the army with Cromwell and whose family held large estates in central Connaught. Very little is known about Francis Cutting, the composer of this piece, though it has been suggested he may have been the editor and compiler of Barley's Instruction, 11 of his pieces appearing in the book, this one appearing in the section for Orpharion.

Another Galliard to the Countess of Sussex by Rosetter (orpharion solo) herbert. The Earl of Sussex was implicated in the failed Essex uprising along with Cromwell and others. Rossetter wrote three Galliards to the Countess of Sussex, all of them appearing in the Barley instruction for Orpharion.

Solus sine Sola Dd.9.33: A pavan written by Dowland for Brigide Fleetwood, wife of Sir William Smith, who was granted the Launde Abbey estate from Edward Cromwell, (see above). Brigide Fleetwood erected a memorial to her husband that included information about his life, "who till he was XXX followed the wars in Ireland" and "was chosen one of the Colonels of the Army".

Countess of Ormond’s Galliard. Anon dallis/Ballet. The Earl of Ormond was Lieutenant of the Army while Cromwell served in Ireland.

Lost is my Liberty, Anon ballet: A piece from the Ballet Manuscript in sympathy with Cromwell’s "corpulant and sickly" condition during his confinement to the tower.

*To plead my faith Batchelor ballet. The lute solo of the song with words by Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex. Bachellor was servant to Essex and employed to courier documents to Ireland

The Night Watch: Holborne marsh: Holborne was a courtier and musician who undertook a diplomatic mission for Sir Robert Cecil on which he caught such a cold that it caused his death. His patrons included Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke, the sister to both Philip and Robert Sydney with whom Cromwell served in the Netherlands.

Lachrimæ . Dowland ballet/Herbert. Lord Cromwell was posted with Edward Herbert, the brother of Sir William Herbert, in 1596 at Offaley in Ireland. Sir William Herbert served under Essex and Mountjoy, being also posted with "horse at Ophaly" during the Essex expedition. Edward Herbert of Cherbury married the daughter and heiress of Sir William Herbert and on Sir William’s death Edward Herbert inherited his father in laws large estates that had been confiscated from the Earls of Desmond. The Irish peerage of Castle Island was conferred on Edward, whose full title was now Lord Edward Herbert of the Castle of the Island of Kerrey, and his Lute Book was assembled during a voluntary exile at Castle Island between 1624-26 from music he had gathered over the preceding two decades. From this collection comes Dowland’s "Lachrimae".

Ballet, Marsh, Sampson, Mynshall, Herbert, Robinson’s School, Dallis