Note this was scanned in electronically and there are thus errors
in spelling and format. Your help in volunteering to make these corrections would be appreciated. We could just send you the
ordinance in email.

CHAPTER 21A-16 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
TREE RETENTION AND LANDSCAPING

SECIIONS:
21A-16.010      Purpose
21A.16.020      Application
21A.16.030      Land use grouping
21A.16.040      Landscaping - types and description
2@16.050        Landscaping - street frontage
21A.16.060      Landscaping - interior lot lines
21A.16.070      Landscaping - surface parking areas
21A.16.080      Landscaping - adjacent to fi7eeway rights-of-way
21A.16.090      Landscaping - general requirements
21A.16.100      Landscaping - alternative options
21A-16.110      Landscaping - irrigation
2@16.120        Landscaping - installation
21A-16.130      Significant trees - retention required
21A-16.140      Significant trees - retention plan
21A-16.150      Significant trees - incentives for retention
21A-16-160      Significant trees - protection
21A-16.170      Significant trees - replacement
21A-16.180      Maintenance
21A-16.190      Bonds/security


21A-16.010      Purpose.  The purpose of this chapter is to preserve the aesthetic character

 of communities; to improve the aesthetic quality of the built environment;
        to promote retention and protection of e3dsting vegetation; to reduce the impacts of

development on drainage systems and natural habitats; and to increase privacy for residential

zones by:
A-      Providing visual relief from large expanses of parking areas and reduction of perceived

 building scale;
B.      Providing physical separation between residential and non-residential areas;
C.      Providing visual screens and barriers as a transition between differing land uses;
D.      Retaining @sting vegetation and significant trees by incorporating them into the site

design; and
E.      Providing increased areas of permeable surfaces to allow for:
1.      Infiltration of surface water into groundwater resources;
2.      Reduction in the quantity of storm water discharge; and
3.      Improvement in the quality of storm water discharge.

21A.16.020 Application.  Except for communication facilities regulated pursuant to
WMC 21A-26, all new development listed in WMC 21A,16.030 shall be
subject to the landscaping and significant tree retention provisions of this
chapter, provided that specific landscaping and tree retention provisions for uses established

through a conditional use permit or a special use permit shall be determined during the

applicable review process . For the purpose of this chapter, a new d ' development is one that

requires a change of occupancy permit or a substantial improvement as defined in WMC 21A.06.648.

21A-16.030 Land use grouping.  In order to facilitate the application of this chapter,
                      the land uses of WMC 21A.08 have been grouped in the following mariner.
                     A. Residential development shall refer to those uses listed in

 WMC 21A.08.030, except   
                     those uses listed under Accessory uses, provided:
1.      Attached/group residences shall refer to:
a.      Townhomes;
b.      Apartments;
c.      Senior citizen assisted;
d.      Temporary lodging; and
e.      Group residences other than Type- I Community Residential Facilities;
f.      Mobile home parks; and
      2.  Single detached development shall refer to:
a.  Residential subdivisions; and
b.  Type I Community Residential Facilities.
B.      Commercial development shall refer to those uses in:
1.      WMC 21A.08.040 as amusement/entertainment uses, except golf facilities;
2.      WN4C 21A.08.050 except recycling centers, health and educational services, daycare 1,

 churches, synagogues, and temples; and
3.      W-N4C 21A.08.070, except forest product sales and agricultural crop sales.
C.      Industrial development shall refer to those listed in:
1.      WMC 21,kO8.050 as recycling center;
2.      WMC 21A.08.060 except government services;
3.      WMC 21A-08.080; and
4.      WMC 21A.08.090 as n-mineral extraction and processing.
D.      Institutional development shall refer to those uses listed in:
1.      W-N4C 21A.08.040 as cultural uses, except arboretums;
2.      WMC 21A.08.050 as churches, synagogues and temples, health services,, and education

services except specialized instruction schools permitted as an accessory use; and
3.      WMC 21A.08.060 as government services.
E.      Utility development shall refer to those listed in WMC 21A.08.060 as subregional

utilities.
F.      Uses contained in WMC 21@08 that are not listed in subsections A-E

        EXHIBIT of @ section shall not be subject to landscaping and tree retention



        PAGE @ OF       except as specified in any applicable review of a conditional use or

        --      special use permit.




01/08/94


21A-16-040 Landscaping - @ and description The four types of landscaping are described and

applied as follows:
A.      Type I landscaping:
1.      Type I landscaping is a "full screen' that functions as a visual barrier.  This

landscaping is typically found adjacent to freeways and between residential and non-residential

areas.
2.      Type I landscaping shall consist of.
a.      A mix of primarily evergreen trees and shrubs placed to form a continuous screen;
b.      At least 70 percent evergreen trees;
c.      Evergreen trees spaced no more than 15 feet on center;
d.      Broadleaf trees spaced no more than 20 feet on center;
e.      Evergreen shrubs spaced no more than four feet apart; and
Ground cover pursuant to WMC 21A.16.090;
B.      Type It landscaping:
1.      Type It landscaping is a "filtered screen' that functions as a visual separator.  This landscaping is typically found between commercial and industrial uses; between differing types of residential development; and to screen industrial uses from the street;
2.      Type 11 landscaping shall consist of:
a.      A mix of evergreen and broadleaf trees and shrubs spaced to create a filtered screen;
b.      At least 50 percent broadleaf trees and at least 30 percent evergreen trees;
c.      Evergreen trees spaced no more than 15 feet on center;
d.      Broadleaf trees spaced no more than 20 feet on center;
e.      Shrubs spaced no more than five feet apart; and
f.      Ground cover pursuant to WMC 21A.16.090;
C.      Type [it landscaping:
1.      Type III landscaping is a "see-through buffer" that functions as a partial visual separator to soften the appearance of parking areas and building elevations.  This landscaping is typically found along street frontage or between apartment developments;
2.      Type III landscaping shall consist of:
a.      A mix of evergreen and/or broadleaf trees spaced to create a continuous canopy;
b.      At least 70 percent broadleaf trees;
c.      Trees spaced no more than 25 feet on center;
d.      Shrubs., that do not exceed a height of four feet , spaced no more than four feet apart; and
e.      Ground cover pursuant to WMC 21A.16.090;
D.      Type IV landscaping-
1.      Type IV landscaping is "parking area landscaping' that provides
shade and visual relief while maintaining clear sight lines within parking areas;
2. Type IV landscaping shall consist of-
01/08/94
OFIO


a.      Canopy-type broadleaf or evergreen trees, evergreen shrubs and ground covers planted in islands or strips;
b.      Shrubs that do not exceed a height of four feet;
c.      Plantings contained in planting islands or strips having an area of at least 75 square feet and with a narrow dimension of no less than four feet;
d.      Ground cover pursuant to WMC 21A.16.090; and
e.      At least 90 percent of the trees shall be broadleaf.

21A-16.050 Landscaping - street frontages.  Perimeter landscaping along street
frontages shall be provided as follows:
A.      A twenty foot width of Type 11 landscaping shall be provided for an institutional use, excluding playgrounds and playfields;
B.      A ten foot width of Type it landscaping shall be provided for an industrial development, except a 25 foot width of Type 11 landscaping shall be provided for development on I zoned property abutting SP,202 or Woodinville-Snohomish Highway.
C.      A ten foot width of Type if landscaping shall be provided for an above ground subregional utility development located outside a public right of-way;
D.      A ten foot width of Type III landscaping shall be provided for a commercial or attached/group residence development; and
E.      For single detached subdivisions:
1.      Trees shall be planted at the rate of one tree for every:
a.      Fifty feet of frontage along a neighborhood collector street; and
b.      Forty feet of frontage along an arterial street.
2.      The trees shall be:
a.      Located within the street right-of-way if permitted by the custodial state or local agency;
b.      No more than 20 feet from the street right-of-way line when located within a lot;
c.      Maintained by the adjacent landowner unless part of a City maintenance program; and
d.      A species approved by the City.
3.      The trees may be spaced at irregular intervals in order to accommodate sight distance requirements for driveways and intersections.

21A.16.060 Landscaping - interior lot @. Perimeter landscaping along interior lot lines shall be provided as follows:
A.      A twenty foot width of Type I landscaping shall be included in a commercial or industrial development along any portion adjacent to a residential development;
B.      A twenty foot width of Type II landscaping shall be included in an attached/group residence development along any portions of the

EXHIB            development adjacent to a single-family detached residential
-PAGE  OF16      development.  Along portions of the development adjacent to another
01/08/94

attached/group residence development or any non-residential use the requirement shall be a ten foot width of Type 11 landscaping;
C.      A ten foot width of Type 11 landscaping shall be included in an industrial development along any portion adjacent to a commercial or institutional development; and
D.      A ten foot width of Type 11 landscaping shall be included in an institutional use, excluding of playgrounds and playfields, or an aboveground subregional utility development, excluding distribution or transmission corridors, when located outside a public right-of-way.

21A.16.070    Landscaping - surface parking areas.  Type IV landscaping shall be
provided within surface parking areas with ten or more parking stall as follows:
A-      Residential developments with common parking areas shall provide planting areas at the rate of 20 square feet per parking stall;
B.      Commercial, industrial, or institutional developments, shall provided landscaping a rate of:
1.      Twenty square feet per parking stall when 10 to 30 parking stalls are provided; and
2.      Twenty-five square feet per parking stall when 31 or more parking stalls are provided;
C.      Trees shall be provided and distributed throughout the parking area at a rate of:
1.      One tree for every five parking stalls for a commercial or industrial development; and
2.      One tree for every ten parking stalls for residential or institutional development;
D.      The maximum distance between any parking stall and required parking area landscaping shall be no more than 65 feet;
E.      Permanent curbs or structural barriers shall be provided to protect the plantings from vehicle overhang.

21A.16.080 Landscaping - adjacent to freeway rights-of-way-
A-      AU residential developments shall provide a minimum of 20 feet of Type I landscaping adjacent to freeway rights-of-way.
B.      AU other developments shall provide a minimum of 20 feet of Type III landscaping adjacent to freeway rights-of-way.

21A.16.090 Landscaping - general requirements.  Landscape designs shall conform to the following provisions:
A-      New landscaping materials shall include species native to the coastal region of the Pacific Northwest or non-invasive naturalized species that have adapted to the climatic conditions of the coastal region of the Pacific Northwest in the following amounts:
1.      Seventy-five percent of groundcover and shrubs, and
2.      Fifty percent of trees;

EXHDT
01/08/94


B.      At least 60 percent of new landscaping materials shall consist of drought-tolerant species, except where site conditions within the required landscape areas assure adequate moisture for growth;
C.      Existing vegetation may be used to augment new plantings to meet the standards of this chapter;
D.      Broadleaf trees shall have a caliper of at least 1.75 inches at the time of planting.  The caliper may be averaged, but no individual tree shall have a caliper of less than 1.5 inches;
E.      Evergreen trees shall be at least six feet in height measured from treetop to the ground at the time of planting;
F.      When the width of any landscape strip is 20 feet or greater, the required trees shall be staggered in two or more rows;
G.      Shrubs shall be
1.      Two-gallon size at time of planting in Type 11, f II and IV landscaping,
2.      At least 24 inches in height at the time of planting for Type I landscaping, and
3.      Maintained at a height not exceeding four feet when located in Type III or IV landscaping;
H.      Ground covers shall be planted and spaced to result in total coverage of the required landscape area within three years as follows:
1.      Four-inch pots at 18-inches on center, or
2.      One-gallon or greater sized containers at 24-inches on center;
1.      Grass may be used as ground cover in landscape areas provided that the grass area:
1.      Constitutes no more than 30 percent of Type I and II landscape areas; and
2.      Is at least five feet wide at the smallest dimension;
J.      Grass and ground cover areas shall contain at least two inches of composted organic material at finish grade;
K.      All fences shall be placed on the inward side of any required perimeter landscaping.
L.      Bergs shall not exceed a slope of two horizontal feet to one vertical foot (2:1);
M.      Existing soils shall be augmented with a two-inch layer of fully com-

posted organic material rototilled a um of six inches deep;
N.      Landscape areas shall be covered with at least two inches of mulch to minimize evaporation.  Mulch shall consist of materials such as yard waste, sawdust and/or manure that is fully composted;
0.      Drought-tolerant and nondrought-tolerant species shall be grouped separately and be served by separate irrigation systems ;
P.      Required street landscaping may be placed within City of Woodinville street rights-of-way subject to the City's street design standards with the permission of the City of Woodinville Department of Public Works, provided adequate space is maintained -along the street line on site to replace the required landscaping should subsequent street


01/08/94


improvements require the removal of landscaping within the rights-of way-

21,LI6.100 Landscaping - alternative options.  The following alternative landscape
options may be allowed only if they accomplish equal or better levels of screening and are subject to City approval:
A.      When the total area for required landscaping and that within the dripline of retained trees exceeds 15 percent of the area of the site, the landscaping requirement may be reduced so that the total required landscape and tree retention area will not exceed the 15 percent of site area;
B.      The width of the perimeter landscape strip may be reduced up to 25 percent along any portion where:
1.      Berms at least 3 feet in height or architectural barriers at least six feet in height are incorporated into the landscape design; and
2.      The landscape materials are incorporated elsewhere on-site;
C.      The width of the perimeter landscaping may be reduced up to 10 percent when a development retains an additional 10 percent of significant trees or 10 significant trees per acre on-site (above the requirements of @C 21A.16.130.C. and D.), whichever is greater;
D.      The landscaping requirement may be modified when existing conditions on or adjacent to the site, such as significant topographic differences, vegetation, structures or utilities would render application of this chapter ineffective or result in scenic view obstruction;
E.      Street perimeter landscaping may be waived provided a site plan is approved that provides a significant amount of street trees and other pedestrian-related amenities; and
F.      When an existing structure precludes installation of the total amount of required site perimeter landscaping, such landscaping material shall be incorporated on another portion of the site.
G.      The width of the perimeter landscaping may be averaged, provided the minimum width is not less than 5 feet.

21A-16.110 Landscaping - irrigation.
Except for areas of undisturbed existing vegetation or low areas with existing high soil moisture conditions, landscape areas shall have temporary irrigation systems.  Such systems shall be removed after 24 months or two growing seasons, whichever occurs first, provided that the plantings are established;
B.      Areas of undisturbed existing vegetation or areas where @@ site conditions assure adequate soil moisture for growth within the required landscape area shall have temporary irrigation systems only as required to sustain new plantings and shall be determined on a case-by-case basis by the City-, and
C.      Areas of undisturbed @ting vegetation, low areas with @ting high soil moisture conditions, or landscape areas consisting of droughttolerant vegetation shall not have permanent irrigation systems.

01/08/94        
Permanent irrigation systems may be permitted within all other required landscape areas, provided such systems shall be designed by a certified water use auditor and with:
1.      Moisture or precipitation sensors;
2.      Automatic timers @et for operation during periods of minimum evaporation and that assure adequate moisture levels;
3.      Head-to-head spacing, if sprinkler heads are proposed;
4.      Pressure regulating devices;
5.      Backflow prevention devices; and
6.      Separate irrigation zones for:
a. Turf and planting beds; and
b. Other non-drought-tolerant species.

21A-16.120    Landscaping - installation-
A-      Landscaping shall be installed no later than one months after issuance of a certificate of occupancy for the project or project phase.
B.      The time limit for compliance may be extended to allow installation of landscaping during the next appropriate planting season.

21A-16.130    Significant trees - retention required.  Except as provided in WMC
21A.16.170, significant trees shall be retained in all residential,
                    commercial, industrial or institutional developments as follows:
A.      All significant trees located within any required perimeter landscaping area shall be retained;
B.      Ten percent of the significant trees located in the interior of the lot, excluding sensitive areas or their buffers shall be retained in an apartment, townhome or institutional developments;
C.      Five percent of the significant trees located in the interior of the lot, excluding sensitive areas or their buffers shall be retained in commercial or industrial developments;
D.      Utility developments and mineral extraction operations shall be exempt from the significant tree retention requirements of this chapter;
E.      If significant trees were previously located in a closed, forested situation, an adequate buffer of smaller trees shall be retained or replaced on the fringe of such significant trees;
F.      A grouping of three or more existing trees with canopies that touch or overlap, may be substituted for each required significant tree, provided each tree has a diameter of at least three inches when measured four feet above grade;
G.      Except as provided in subsection H, significant trees to be retained shall not include significant trees that are:
1.      Damaged or diseased,
2.      Safety hazards due to potential root, or primary limb failure, or exposure of mature trees which have grown in a dosed, forested situation; and
H.      At the discretion of the City, damaged or diseased or standing dead trees may be retained and counted toward the significant tree


01/08/94


requirement if demonstrated that such trees will provide important wildlife habitat and are not classified as a danger tree.

21A-16.140    Significant trees - retention plan.  The applicant shall submit a tree
retention plan concurrent with a grading permit,building permit or preliminary subdivision or short subdivision application, whichever is reviewed and approved first.  The tree retention plan shall consist of-
A.      A tree survey that identifies the location, size and species of all significant trees on a site.  The tree survey may be conducted by a method that locates individual significant trees or by using standard timber cruising methods to reflect general locations, numbers and grouping of significant trees provided that, when using either method, the survey:
1.      Shall also show the location and species of each significant tree that is intended to qualify for additional credit pursuant to WMC 21A.16.150, and
2.      Any tree 18 inches or greater diameter for the purpose of establishing wildlife habitat value;
B.      A development plan identifying the significant trees that are proposed to be retained, transplanted or restored.

21A-16-150    Significant trees - incentives for retention- Each significant tree that is
located outside of the area for perimeter landscaping and is retained may be credited as two trees for complying with the retention requirements of WMC 21A.16.130, provided it meets one or more of the following criteria:

A.      The tree exceeds 60 feet in height, or 24 inches in diameter for evergreen trees or 30 inches for broadleaf trees;
B.      The tree is located in a grouping of at least five trees with canopies that touch or overlap;
C.      The tree provides energy savings through winter wind protection or summer shading as a result of its location relative to buildings;
D.      The tree belongs to a unique or unusual species;
E.      The tree is located within 25 feet of any sensitive area or required sensitive area buffers; and
F.      The tree is 18 inch or greater and is identified as providing valuable wildlife habitat.

21A-16.160    Significant trees - protection- To provide the best protection for
significant trees:
A-      No clearing shall be allowed on a site until approval of tree retention and landscape plans;
B.      An area of prohibited of disturbance, generally corresponding to the drip line of the significant tree shall be identified during the
construction stage with a temporary five-foot high chainlink or plastic net fence;

EXHIP,IT@--..
01/08/94                                                                         PAGE 1 OF 10
C.      No impervious surfaces, fill, excavation, or storage of construction materials shall be permitted within the area defined by such fencing or stakes;
D.      A rock well shall be constructed if the grade level around the tree is to be raised by more than one foot.  The inside diameter of the well shall be equal to the diameter of the dripline of the tree ;
E.      The grade level shall not be lowered within the larger of the two areas defined as follows:
1.      The drip line of the tree(s); or
2.      An area around the tree equal to one foot diameter for each inch of tree trunk diameter measured four feet above the ground; and
F.      Alternative protection methods may be used if determined by the Planning Director to provide equal or greater tree protection.

21A-16.170 Significant trees - replacement.  When the required number of significant
trees cannot be retained, significant trees that are removed shall be replaced with:
A.      Transplanted significant trees; or
B.      New trees measuring three inch caliper or more, at a replacement rate of one and one-half (1.5) inches diameter for every one inch diameter of the removed significant tree; or
C.      New trees measuring less than three inch caliper at a replacement rate of two inches diameter for every one inch diameter of the removed significant tree on a space available basis in conjunction with the site plan.

21A-16.180 Maintenance.
A.      AU landscaping and significant trees shall be maintained for the life of the project.
B.      AU landscape materials and significant trees shall be pruned and trimmed as necessary to maintain a healthy growing condition or to prevent primary limb failure-
C.      With the exception of dead, diseased or damaged trees specifically retained to provide wildlife habitat; other dead, diseased, damaged or stolen plantings shall be replaced within three months or during the next planting season if the loss does not occur in a planting season; and
D.      Landscape areas shall be kept free of trash.

21A.16.190      Bonds/security.  Performance bonds or other appropriate security (including letters of credit and set aside letters) shall be required for a period of two years after the planting or transplanting of vegetation to insure proper installation, establishment and maintenance

Top of Page